In the application of statistical treatments, two types of data are recognized:

1. Descriptive Analysis - limits generalizations or conclusions, based on statistical analysis, to the particular group of individuals or cases observed. No attempt is made to extend these generalizations or conclusions beyond the the observed group.


2. Inferential Analysis - Draws conclusions about a larger population based on a smaller sample which is assumed to be representative of the larger population from which it is drawn. An important aspect of inferential analysis is establishing the representativeness of the smaller sample population which is usually based on a random distribution.